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        <h1 id="0x01-前言"><a href="#0x01-前言" class="headerlink" title="0x01 前言"></a>0x01 前言</h1><p>最近在研究工控安全平台的使用，但是一直无法抓取到上位机到下位机之间的数据包。后来想到了使用 <code>ARP欺骗</code> ，将局域网内所有的数据包转发到我的攻击机上，再转发回上下位机里，这样就能获取到所有的数据包。</p>
<h1 id="0x02-ARP欺骗"><a href="#0x02-ARP欺骗" class="headerlink" title="0x02 ARP欺骗"></a>0x02 ARP欺骗</h1><h2 id="ARP协议"><a href="#ARP协议" class="headerlink" title="ARP协议"></a>ARP协议</h2><p>以太网（局域网）进行信息传输时，不是根据IP地址进行通信，因为IP地址是可变的，用于通信是不安全的。然而 MAC 地址是网卡的硬件地址，一般出厂后就具有唯一性。<code>ARP协议</code> 就是将目标 <code>IP地址</code> 解析成 <code>MAC地址</code> 进行验证通信。</p>
<h2 id="ARP协议缺点"><a href="#ARP协议缺点" class="headerlink" title="ARP协议缺点"></a>ARP协议缺点</h2><p>ARP协议信任以太网所有的节点，效率高但是不安全。这份协议没有其它子协议来保证以太网内部信息传输的安全，它不会检查自己是否接受或发送过请求包，只要它就收到的 ARP广播包 ，他就会把对应的 IP-MAC 更新到自己的缓存表，也就是说会信任网络环境内任意通信。</p>
<h2 id="ARP欺骗模式"><a href="#ARP欺骗模式" class="headerlink" title="ARP欺骗模式"></a>ARP欺骗模式</h2><p>ARP欺骗分为伪造主机欺骗、伪造网关欺骗、中间人欺骗、ARP泛洪和攻击</p>
<p>伪造主机:造成特定主机被认为无响应</p>
<p>伪造网关:伪造网关，抓取局域网内数据，指定用户断网</p>
<p>中间人欺骗:恶意主机既向网关发送主机数据，又伪造网关向主机发数据，作为中间人可看主机与网关之间交互的数据</p>
<p>ARP泛洪攻击：也叫拒绝服务攻击，利用ARP缓存表支持动态刷新，发送大量无用报文占用CPU，导致正常协议报文无法被处理，从而导致整个网络无法正常运行</p>
<h1 id="0x03-攻击"><a href="#0x03-攻击" class="headerlink" title="0x03 攻击"></a>0x03 攻击</h1><p>由于工控安全平台是在在同一局域网内，我们可以使用 <code>ettercap</code> 对目标机进行中间人欺骗</p>
<h2 id="Ettercap-工具"><a href="#Ettercap-工具" class="headerlink" title="Ettercap 工具"></a>Ettercap 工具</h2><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span class="line">92</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">用法</span><br><span class="line">Usage: ettercap [OPTIONS] [TARGET1] [TARGET2]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">用法：ettercap【选项】【目标1】【目标2】</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">TARGET is in the format MAC/IPs/PORTs (see the man for further detail)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">目标是MAC/IPs/PORTs格式（根据中间人获取更多信息）</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">嗅探与攻击选项：</span><br><span class="line">  -M, --mitm &lt;方法:ARGS&gt;  执行mitm攻击</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -o, --only-mitm   不嗅探，只执行mitm攻击</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -B, --bridge &lt;IFACE&gt; 使用桥接嗅探（需要2个iface——嗅探时使用的网卡接口，嗅探两块网卡之间的数据包）</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -p, --nopromisc  不要将iface放入混杂模式</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -S, --nosslmitm  不要伪造SSL证书</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -u, --unoffensive不要转发数据包</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -r, --read &lt;file&gt;   从pcap文件读取数据 &lt;file&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -f, --pcapfilter &lt;string&gt;   设置pcap过滤器&lt;string&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -R, --reversed使用逆向目标反馈</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -t, --proto &lt;proto&gt;  只嗅探该proto（默认是全部）</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">用户界面类型：</span><br><span class="line">  -T, --text使用只显示字符的界面</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -q, --quiet  安静模式，不显示抓到的数据包内容</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -s, --script &lt;CMD&gt;向用户界面发出这些命令</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -C, --curses   使用curses图形化界面</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -G, --gtk使用GTK+ GUI</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -D, --daemon守护模式（无界面），相当于在后台运行</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">日志选项：</span><br><span class="line">  -w, --write &lt;file&gt;将嗅探到的数据写入pcap文件 &lt;file&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -L, --log &lt;logfile&gt;  此处记录所有流量&lt;logfile&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -l, --log-info &lt;logfile&gt;此处记录所有信息&lt;logfile&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -m, --log-msg &lt;logfile&gt; 此处记录所有消息记录&lt;logfile&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -c, --compress  使用gzip压缩日志文件</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">可视化选项：</span><br><span class="line">  -d, --dns   将ip地址解析为主机名</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -V, --visual &lt;format&gt;设置可视化格式</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -e, --regex &lt;regex&gt;  只实现匹配该regex数据包的可视化</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -E, --ext-headers  打印每个pck的扩展头</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -Q, --superquiet   不显示用户名与密码</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">通用选项：</span><br><span class="line">  -i, --iface &lt;iface&gt; 使用该网络接口</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -I, --liface 显示所有的网络接口</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -n, --netmask &lt;netmask&gt;在iface上强制实行（force）该&lt;netmask&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -P, --plugin &lt;plugin&gt;   开始该插件&lt;plugin&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -F, --filter &lt;file&gt;   加载过滤器 &lt;file&gt; （内容过滤器）</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -z, --silent   不执行初始ARP扫描</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -j, --load-hosts &lt;file&gt;  从 &lt;file&gt;加载主机列表</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -k, --save-hosts &lt;file&gt;将主机列表保存至&lt;file&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -W, --wep-key &lt;wkey&gt;   使用该wep密钥解密wifi数据包</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -a, --config &lt;config&gt;   使用其它配置文件&lt;config&gt;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">标准选项：</span><br><span class="line">  -U,  --update   从ettercap网站更新数据库</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -v,  --version   打印此版本并退出</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">  -h,  --help帮助选项</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h2 id="环境配置"><a href="#环境配置" class="headerlink" title="环境配置"></a>环境配置</h2><p>攻击流程图</p>
<p><img src="https://s2.ax1x.com/2019/08/20/m8qlKH.png" alt="arp"></p>
<blockquote>
<p>上位机IP : 192.168.1.210<br>下位机IP : 192.168.1.220<br>攻击机IP : 192.168.1.102</p>
</blockquote>
<p>相互之间可正常通信</p>
<p><img src="https://s2.ax1x.com/2019/08/20/m8qPv4.png" alt="arp"></p>
<h2 id="开启-Wireshark"><a href="#开启-Wireshark" class="headerlink" title="开启 Wireshark"></a>开启 Wireshark</h2><p>监听 <code>eth0</code> 抓取数据包</p>
<p><img src="https://s2.ax1x.com/2019/08/20/m8bz5V.png" alt="wireshark"></p>
<h2 id="开始欺骗"><a href="#开始欺骗" class="headerlink" title="开始欺骗"></a>开始欺骗</h2><p>我们为了抓取上、下位机所有的数据通信，所以使用双向欺骗</p>
<p>下位机欺骗</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ettercap -i eth0 -T -M arp:remote  /192.168.1.220//</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://s2.ax1x.com/2019/08/20/m8qC2F.png" alt="arp"></p>
<p>上位机欺骗</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ettercap -i eth0 -T -M arp:remote  /192.168.1.210//</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://s2.ax1x.com/2019/08/20/m8q98U.png" alt="arp"></p>
<h2 id="发送指令"><a href="#发送指令" class="headerlink" title="发送指令"></a>发送指令</h2><p>在上位机中选择一个实验发送指令，然后查看 Wireshark 中数据</p>
<p><img src="https://s2.ax1x.com/2019/08/20/m8qpCT.png" alt="arp"></p>
<p>成功抓取到 <code>S7COMM</code> 协议数据包</p>

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    1、请确保node版本大于6.2<br/>
    2、在博客根目录（注意不是archer根目录）执行以下命令：<br/>
    <span style="color: #f75357; font-size: 1rem; line-height: 2rem;">npm i hexo-generator-json-content --save</span><br/>
    3、在根目录_config.yml里添加配置：
    <pre style="color: #787878; font-size: 0.6rem;">
jsonContent:
  meta: false
  pages: false
  posts:
    title: true
    date: true
    path: true
    text: false
    raw: false
    content: false
    slug: false
    updated: false
    comments: false
    link: false
    permalink: false
    excerpt: false
    categories: true
    tags: true</pre>
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